Izvestiya of Saratov University.
Economics. Management. Law
ISSN 1994-2540 (Print)
ISSN 2542-1956 (Online)

Law

The International Standards of Restriction of the Rights and Freedoms of the Person and Citizen and Their Value for Law-making and Law-enforcement Activity in the Russian Federation

Introduction. The constitution of the Russian Federation allows 1993 possibility of restriction of the rights and freedoms of the person and citizen. One of conditions of establishment of restrictions of the rights and freedoms of the individual is their compliance to international human rights treaties.

Constitutional Prohibition of Censorship in Decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation

Introduction. For a more thorough understanding of Part 5 Article 29 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to take into account the positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the content of the constitutional prohibition of censorship. Purpose. To carry out the systematization and generalization of the legal positions of the Constitutional Court on problems related to the implementation of the constitutional prohibition of censorship.

Accounting the Accuracy of Measurements in the Conducting Forensic Research of Cold Bladed Weapons

Introduction. The main issue solved during the forensic research of cold bladed weapons is the establishment of the object’s belonging to the category of cold weapons. In this case, the measurement of the hardness of the blade is one of the main features, which determine the belonging to the cold weapon. Theoretical analysis. Analyzed compliance of the techniques of establishing the object belonging to a cold weapon to the requirements of metrological norms and rules.

Compensation of Distortions of Images of Traces on the Deformed Bullets for their Automated Comparison

Introduction. The purpose of work is: a research of ability of compensation of distortions caused by deformation of bullets. Theoretical analysis. In work examined bullets with deformation in the type of local annular expansion. This type of deformation is basis for compensation of complex distortions. Nodal point method selected for the evaluation of image distortion and compensation. Model experiment. Model of deformed 9 mm bullet obtained in 1:50 scale for determination of transformation coefficients.

To the Question of the Formation of the Gilzoteks of Smoothbore Firearms Service and Hunting Weapons

Introduction. The legislation of the Russian Federation does not provide for the test shooting of smooth-bore weapons by law enforcement agencies. There are no catridge-cases repository of smoothbore weapons because of low criminalistic information, which, in turn, makes it difficult to investigate crimes committed using this type of firearm. The report considers the possibility of introducing catridge-cases repository of registered smooth-bore weapons. Conceptual possibilities for implementing this solution are described. Theoretical analysis.

The Method of the Estimation of Uniqueness of Route Complexes in Secondary Traces

Introduction. The existing criteria for the pairing of traces on shot bullets can not be considered satisfactory. They turn out to be too strict, or do not take into account the identifiable information about the structure of the coincident traces. Therefore, today expert makes categorical conclusion about the identity of the compared traces mainly on bases on his own experience without assessing the probability of a random realization of this event.

Capabilities of Forensic Examination of Traces on Fired Cases in Their Multiple Use (in Terms of Caliber .300 WIN MAG, .338 LM and 5,6х39 Hunter’s Cartridges)

Introduction. Recently in expert practice there registered the instances of using homemade reloaded rifled weapon cartridges. Objects and tasks. To consider the regularities of trace impression formed by reloading facilities on the microrelief of cases. To detect the most stable (specific, characteristic) features reflected on the reloaded cases thus enabling to differentiate between the traces of production mechanisms and arms. Experimental part.

Marks on Spent Cartridges Cartridge 18х45Т when Shooting from a Firearm Limited Destruction

Introduction. The urgency of the problem of the use of weapons of self-defense lies in its wide distribution, frequent cases of its application, the consequences of which are serious injuries (in some cases fatal), as well as the lack of complete data on the characteristics of various types of weapons of self-defense, necessary forensic experts, in the special scientific literature. Firearm self-defense, namely, long allowed to keep at home for security of their property and their homes.

Influence of Inhomogeneities of the Surface of Caps on Variability of Static Firing Pin Traces

Introduction. One of the reasons for the variability of the firing pin traces is the gross inhomogeneity present on the surface of the capsules. The main types of not uniformity characteristic of a cap surface, and also their display in static traces are quickly investigated in this work. Experimental part. The surfaces of capsules of various cartridges of domestic and foreign production, as well as capsules “Zhevello” for hunting cartridges, were examined. The main types of inhomogeneities of the capsule surface are analyzed and classified.

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