Izvestiya of Saratov University.
Economics. Management. Law
ISSN 1994-2540 (Print)
ISSN 2542-1956 (Online)

Law

Organization and Legal and Methodological Problems of the All-Embracing Diagnostic Experts’ Examination of Firearms, Cartridges and Their Traces

Introduction. Today’s urge to improve the effectiveness of crime investigation increasingly requires attracting resources such as forms of expert research like ‘complex examination’ . In the theory of criminology and forensic formed certain scientific ideas into the nature of complex expertise , its characteristic features.

The Analysis of Significance of the Size of a Peripheral Zone of Smoke-black Deposition as a Sign of Distance of a Shot Fired from the 5.6 mm Margolin Small-caliber Target Pistol (MTsM)

Introduction. The investigation of a problem of range finding is quite important, because it is often needed in crime investigation practice. The existing methods are not always effective enough. Theoretical analysis. The actual problem of existing methods is the search of statistically significant marks of gunshot which allow to determine it short range and acceptable reliability. Methods of research. Simulation, experiment, statistic analysis. Experimental procedure.

Research of Damages on the Metal Barriers Formed at Shots of Firearms of Limited Defeat (on the Example of Damages of Bodies of Cars

Introduction. The urgency of research mechanical damage to parts and details of car bodies, arising in case of misuse of firearms limited destruction. Methodology of the study. Experimental part. Some morphological signs of damage at the barriers made of metal (for example, the metal parts of car bodies with multilayered lacquer coating), educated at shooting from firearms limited destruction (guns) elastic striking elements (rubber bullets), especially the expert study of the above-mentioned injuries with a description of the methods and experiments.

Сarrying Out of Linear and Angular Measurements of the Second Traces on the Shot Bullets Using Modern Microscopic Equipment

Introduction. Microscopic research methods play an important role in forensic ballistic examination. Theoretical analysis. To carry out the linear and angular measurements of the following fields on the rifling shot bullets used various technical tools and techniques: eyepiece micrometers stereoscopic microscopes, measuring microscopes instrumental, rolling bullets on copy paper, etc. However, these tools do not always allow you to effectively solve the task. Experimental part.

Design of FN Pistol and Possibility of Accidental Discharge

Introduction. Purpose and details of examinations of cases of accidental discharges. Incident description. The article deals with the case of a deadly accidental discharge of a teenager. Discussion. The authors examined the design features of FN pistol and the suspect’s version of the incident related to the design features of the weapon. Conclusion. The results of the examination reinforced the suspect’s version of incident of the accidental discharge.

Research of Interaction Passing Microtraces on Spent Cartridges and Objects of the Environment with a Scanning Electron Microscope

Introduction. For forensic ballistics is important to reconstruct the events of the use of firearms. One way of reconstruction is based on the position of spent cartridges relative to surrounding objects. Often required to establish the fact of secondary reflection in the collision of objects sleeves and find a place on the collision who after this microtraces. Goals and objectives.

The Traces on Bullets and Shells During Shooting Freelance Cartridges of 1896 year Model of «Mauser K96» Caliber of 7,63 mm and 1900 year model of «Browning» Caliber of 7,65 mm

Introduction. In practice there are cases of the crime investigations involving firearms which deal with criminal’s usage of cartridges, not intended for this weapon. As a rule, that happens because of the lack of the regular cartridges. Criminals use some tricks to adapt them for the shooting of a particular weapon models to use them. Experimental part.

Processing of Digital Images of Traces on Bullets for Automatic Identification of Firearms

Introduction. Identification of firearms by traces on the shot bullets is one of the most difficult tasks in the forensic ballistic examination. This is because the individual characteristics of weapons that appear on shot bullets have a high degree of variability. The currently used methods of automatic identification of firearms are ineffective when analysis is carried out on electronic bullet repository which includes tens of thousands of similar objects. Methods.

The Use of Silicone Compaund «MIKROSIL» for Identification Forensic Ballistic Reserch

Introduction. Conducting research on identification of handguns Shoot the bullets and shells to the most complex types of forensic ballistic examinations. Glare surface and cylindrical concave surface trace of the striker on the primer sleeve difficult enough for optical microscopic examination. Also relevant is the forensic ballistics problem of obtaining copies of tracks for storing and mailing expert divisions. Experiments al part (procedure).

Comparative Analysis of Prospects for Application in Forensic Ballistic Identification Microscopes of Different Systems

Introduction. Due to technological improvement the question presents itself – is not it time firearms examiners changed optical microscopes to something more modern, and what this could be. Theoretical analisis. The article reviews three different kinds of microscopes (Optical, Electron Scanning and Confocal/Virtual) which can be used, their design and principles of work. Experimental investigation. To stu dy the potential of equipment and for the interdetermination of it the authors used these equipment for real life case examinations.

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