Научная статья

In this article the author observes international legal acts that regulate the matters of protection of rights and freedoms of the child in present day world. The process of origin and development of the institute of Ombudsmen for Children in different countries of the world, including the Russian Federation, is considered. The author gives special attention to the legal status of the Children’s Rights Commissioners in regions of Russia, compares them to other organizations and institutions for protection of the Rights of Childhood.

In article theoretical and practical questions of involvement of the credit organizations to financial responsibility for offenses in the sphere of bank activity are considered. Among the coercive measures of influence applied by Bank of Russia on the basis of the current legislation, a number of financial and legal sanctions is allocated. Author gives the understanding of concept of financial responsibility of the credit organizations for violations in bank activity.

The article presents a comparative overview of criminal in doctrines of such thinkers in the XVIII–XIX centuries as Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham. The author revealed the general and especial aspects in their views of crime, the right to punish, preventive criminal acts. These views have been researched from the utilitarian position in the doctrine of J. Bentham as well as humanitarian is C. Beccaria.

The scientific understanding of the category «principles of the administrative-territorial system» is searched in the article. Features of legal regulation of principles of the territorial division are revealed. The author reflected their complex character. The author allocates principles of formation and functioning of territorial device of subjects of the Russian Federation, proposals on current legislation change are made.

Article is devoted research of a question of existence of the so-called «natural duties» allocated by analogy to the natural rights. The author considers hypothetically existing «natural duties» of the person from the point of view of criterion of their objectivity and presence at the person from a birth. The question of interdependency the natural rights and «natural duties» of the person is mentioned also.

The main topic of the article is President’s constitutional power in a sphere of person’s legal status, in particular clemency. Also the sphere of clemency is partly regulated by local laws. Federal and regional executive and legislative bodies like clemency comissions and Constitutional rights department of President’s Administration contribute to implementaion of President’s power of clemency. In the article the author formulates legislative improvements that will set up legal bounds of President’s power of clemency.

This paper examines the case law on the prohibition of discrimination by the European Court of Human Rights. It is noted that the decisions taken in respect of the principle of non discrimination the practice of the Russian authorities.

The article deals with determination of concept and substance of constitutional law for receiving free higher professional education in modern Russia; reveals warrants of this law on the basis of analysis of educational legislation and law enforcement practice.

The article reviews the work of one of the investigative unit of the Extraordinary Inquiry Commission of Provisional Government t to investigate «illegal actions of senior officials in the criminal case of Mendel Bailis».

In article features of realization of public control over functioning of courts in the Russian Federation are considered, the characteristic of forms of control of citizens and the institutes of a civil society used for maintenance of an openness of activity of judicial system is given.