More than 10 years the Government of the Russian Federation has addressed the issue of improving the investment climate. Inspite of it, the investment climate in the country remains poor, and the rating of investment attractiveness of the Russian Federation has a negative trend. Theoretical analysis. Investment activity of energy companies is associated with many problems associated with both the organization and planning of the process within the organization and the interaction with all external involved actors, including the issues of required attracting external funding. Results. Measures to encourage foreign direct investment do not have a practical nature and do not solve the basic problems: corruption, poor infrastructure, lack of tax benefits, and political risks. Against this background, taking into account the increased political risk in oil and gas projects with the participation of foreign capital is negligible. Rating of investment attractiveness of the Russian Federation has a negative trend. Conclusions. At the moment, the measures taken by the Russian government to improve the investment climate do not lead to the desired results. This trend is related to the lack of actual change in support of investment processes, as well as the lack of an integrated program to stimulate foreign direct investment. As the professional environment responds only the specific facts supporting the changes, foreign direct investment has not changed. Under such conditions the public investment are particularly important. The effectiveness of public investment becomes the determining factor in the development of the economy in the current decade.