Introduction. It is generally recognized that the development of oil and gas fields has an unequivocally positive impact on the development of the national economy of the state, ensures the growth of its well-being and competitiveness in the world. At the same time, oil and gas production activities also have negative consequences, which include environmental pollution, and sometimes lead to major environmental disasters that directly threaten the safety and health of the population. Compliance with environmental measures in complex technological processes requires detailed attention from government agencies, which, first of all, must ensure effective legal regulation and control in terms of compliance with fundamental environmental requirements on the part of industrial corporations. Theoretical analysis. The regulatory framework that has been developed at the international and domestic levels in the field of environmental protection substantively represents guidelines for oil and gas exploration and production for the development and application of occupational health, safety and environmental protection management systems. Empirical analysis. It has been revealed that internal control, which is carried out by companies independently on the basis of regulatory requirements of both national legal acts and international standards, plays an important role in environmental protection during any industrial production, including oil and gas production. Results. The analysis and assessment of foreign experience in legal regulation of public control in the field of subsoil and environmental protection during oil and gas production allowed us to come to a number of conclusions.