Izvestiya of Saratov University.

Economics. Management. Law

ISSN 1994-2540 (Print)
ISSN 2542-1956 (Online)


For citation:

Averianova N. N., Loktionova E. O. Expertise of Draft Laws within the Russian Lawmaking Process: Legal Theory and Classification. Journal Izvestiya of Saratov University. Economics. Management. Law, 2016, vol. 16, iss. 1, pp. 107-112. DOI: 10.18500/1994-2540-2016-16-1-107-112

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0).
Full text PDF(Ru):
Language: 
Russian
Heading: 
Article type: 
Article
UDC: 
342.537

Expertise of Draft Laws within the Russian Lawmaking Process: Legal Theory and Classification

Autors: 
Averianova Natalia Nikolaevna, Saratov State University
Loktionova E. O., Saratov State University
Abstract: 

Introduction. The article is devoted to considering the institute of expertise of draft laws within the Russian lawmaking process. Purpos. The main object of the paper is theoretical comprehension of the institute of expertise of draft laws within lawmaking process and classification of its particular kinds that Russian legislation comprises. Results. The authors consider the scientific approaches to defining the correlation between the concepts of «lawmaking process» and «legislative process». The authors study the definition of the concept of «expertise of draft laws» putting aside the contiguous concept of «conclusion of a state authority body». It is proved that the distinctive attribute of expertise of draft laws is that it is carried out by competent persons – experts that possess special knowledge in a certain field. The authors provide an analysis of a set of legislative acts regulating certain kinds of expertise of draft laws within the stages of the lawmaking process. It is revealed that subjects, objects, terms of some kinds of expertise of draft laws as well as legal validity of expert reports are not determined in Russian legislation. It is carried out classification of the kinds of expertise of draft laws, embodied in the legislation on such criteria as an object and a subject of an expertise; an obligatory condition; the stage of the lawmaking process; legal force of expert reports. Conclusion. The authors make the conclusion that a lack of scientifically based classification of the kinds of expertise of draft laws is the reason for which Russian legislation in the area contents many contradictions and gaps. It is proved that there is a need of systematization of Russian legislation regulating the institute of expertise. And this process should be based on the scientific studies and classification.

Reference: 
  1. Konstitutsiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii (prinyata vsenarodnym golosovaniem 12.12.1993) (s uchetom popravok ot 30.12.2008 № 6-FKZ, ot 30.12.2008 № 7-FKZ, ot 05.02.2014 № 2-FKZ, ot 21.07.2014 № 11-FKZ) [The Constitution of the Russian Federation (adopted by the popular vote of 12.12.1993) (amended of 30.12.2008 № 6-FKZ, of 30.12.2008 № 7-FKZ, of 05.02.2014 № 2-FKZ, of 21.07.2014 № 11-FKZ )]. Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF [Collection of Laws of the Russian Federation], 2014, no. 31, art. 4398.
  2. Khudoikina T. V., Luk’yanov А. А. Tekhniko-yuridicheskaya ekspertiza kak forma otsenki kachestva zakonoproektov i zakonodatel’nykh aktov [Technical and legal expertise as a form of evaluation of the quality of draft laws and legislative acts]. Probely v rossiiskom zakonodatel’stve [Gaps in the Russian legislation], 2011, no. 6, pp. 41–44.
  3. Korotkova O. А. Ekspertiza zakonoproektov i zakonodatel’nykh aktov: teoretiko-pravovoi aspect [An expertise of drafts laws and legislative acts: the theoretical and legal aspect. Cand. jur. sci. thesis diss.]. Moscow, 2010. 25 p.
  4. Kokotov А. N. Federal’nyi zakonodatel’nyi protsess: ponyatie i struktura [Federal legislative process: the concept and the structure]. Pravovedenie [Jurisprudence], 2001, no. 1, pp. 53–63.
  5. O Reglamente Gosudarstvennoi Dumy Federal’nogo Sobraniya Rossiiskoi Federatsii: postanovlenie GD FS RF ot 22.01.1998. № 2134-GD (red. ot 16.06.2014) [On the Rules of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. Resolution of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of January 22, 1998 № 2134-GD (an edition of 16.06.2014)]. Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF [Collection of Laws of the Russian Federation], 1998, no. 7, art. 801; 2014, no. 25, art. 3572.
  6. O Reglamente Soveta Federatsii Federal’nogo Sobraniya Rossiiskoi Federatsii: postanovlenie SF FS RF ot 30 yanvarya 2002 g. № 33-SF (red. ot 21.10.2015) [On the Rules of the Council of Federation of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. Resolution of the Council of Federation of Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of January 30, 2002 № 33-SF (an edition of 21.10.2015)]. Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF [Collection of Laws of the Russian Federation], 2002, no. 7, art. 635; 2015, no. 43, art. 5866.
  7. O Reglamente Pravitel’stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii i Polozhenii ob Аpparate Pravitel’stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii: postanovlenie Pravitel’stva RF ot 01.06.2004 № 260 (red. ot 25.07.2015) [On the Rules of the Government of the Russian Federation and the Regulation on the Government Offi ce of the Russian Federation. Government Decree of 01.06.2004 № 260 (an edition of 25.07.2015)]. Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF [Collection of Laws of the Russian Federation], 2004, no. 23, art. 2313; 2015, no. 31, art. 4692.
  8. Klyukovskaya I. N., Melekaev R. K. Pravovaya priroda i printsipy kriminologicheskoi antikorruptsionnoi ekspertizy normativnykh pravovykh aktov [The legal nature and principles of criminological anti-corruption expertise of legislative acts]. Obschestvo i pravo [Society and Law], 2011, no. 5, pp. 138–141.
  9. Yulegina E. I. Аntikorruptsionnaya, pravovaya, kriminologicheskaya ekspertiza normativnykh pravovykh aktov (sravnitel’nyi analiz) [Anti-corruption, legal, criminological kinds of expertise of legislative acts (comparative analysis)]. Аktual’nye problemy ekonomiki i prava [The current problems of economics and law], 2014, no. 13, pp. 197–206.
  10. Voronina Yu.I. Аntikorruptsionnaya ekspertiza normativnykh pravovykh aktov kak sredstvo protivodeistviya korruptsii v sovremennoi Rossii: teoretiko-pravovoi aspekt [Anti-corruption expertise of legislative acts as a means of counteracting corruption in modern Russia: theoretical and legal aspect]. Vestnik Tyumenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Tyumen State University Herald], 2012, no. 3, pp. 74–79.
  11. Rossinskaya E. R., Galyashina E. I. Аntikorruptsionnaya ekspertiza normativnykh pravovykh aktov i ikh proektov: problemy teorii i praktiki [Anti-corruption expertise of legislative acts and their drafts: theory and practice]. Moscow, 2014. 160 p.
  12. Ob ekologicheskoi ekspertize: federal’nyi zakon ot 23.11.1995 № 174-FZ (red. ot 13.07.2015.) [On Ecological Expertise. Federal law of 23.11.1995 № 174-FZ (an edition of 13.07.2015)]. Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF [Collection of Laws of the Russian Federation], 1995, no. 48, art. 4556; 2015, no. 29 (pt I), art. 4347.
  13. Demakov R. А. Mekhanizmy sovershenstvovaniya zakonoproektnoi deyatel’nosti Pravitel’stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii: sravnitel’no-pravovoe issledovanie [The mechanisms of improving the Law Drafting Activities of the Government of the Russian Federation: comparative legal research. Cand. jur. sci. diss.]. Moscow, 2015. 263 p.
  14. Titov N. S. Ekspertiza proektov normativnykh pravovykh aktov: opyt, vidy i strategicheskie perspektivy [Expertise of draft laws: experience, kinds, and strategic perspectives]. Yuridicheskaya tekhnika [Legal technology], 2015, no. 9, pp. 747–753.
  15. O model’nom zakone «O gosudarstvennoi ekspertize»: postanovlenie Mezhparlamentskoi Аssamblei gosudarstvuchastnikov SNG ot 7 dekabrya 2002 g. № 20-7 [On the model law «On State Expertise». Resolution of the Interparliamentary Assembly of CIS Member States of 7 December, 2002 № 20-7]. Informatsionnyi byulleten’ Mezhparlamentskoi Аssamblei gosudarstv-uchastnikov SNG [Information bulletin of the Interparliamentary Assembly of CIS Member States], 2003, no. 30.
Received: 
16.11.2015
Accepted: 
27.12.2015