Introduction. The high relevance of the digital technologies use issue, as well as the variety of theoretical approaches to studying the impact of digital transformation on the activities of organizations, have determined the need to identify and classify scientific approaches to the concept of digital transformation. Theoretical analysis. Nine concepts have been identified in the works of Russian and foreign scientists who consider the phenomenon of an organization’s digital transformation. Additionally, the development of scientific thought forms five more approaches that analyze the effectiveness of digital transformation: index assessment, connected development imbalances assessment, platforms impact assessment, the impact on the external environment assessment, digital transformation risks assessment. Empirical analysis. On the one hand, the classification of approaches allows us to judge the development of knowledge in the direction of evaluating the effectiveness of the digital technologies introduction, on the other hand, it becomes obvious that the digital transformation of an organization is a complex phenomenon affecting the activities of the object of transformation itself and having external influences. Results. Studying the impact of digital transformation on changing business processes, technological changes, and strategic goal-setting in organizations remains an urgent scientific and practical task. In turn, the external environment of an organization is a source for the implementation of coherent development concepts, complementing the effects of digital technologies on the internal as a complex phenomenon that studies the effectiveness of the processes of introduction and development of digital technologies based on a set of exogenous and endogenous effects.