идентификация оружия

Introduction. Automated ballistic identification systems allow automation of inspections by array firing pin traces containing thousands of similar objects. However, sometimes the system allow «mistakes», ie can not find ‘doubles’ trail in database. In addition, quite often «doubles» trail of test array is placed on the priority list is far from its beginning.

Introduction. One of the most important tasks of forensic ballistics examination is the identification of weapons from marks of the striker. This problem is usually associated with the searching for matching traces from cartridge case repository. Ballistic identification systems (such as POISC, TAIS, Condor, Arsenal and others) are used to help expert in such task. All of them use automatic algorithms for searching matching traces based on the calculation of the cross- correlation function.

Introduction. Nowadays, automatic identification of weapons on electronic databases involves the analysis thousands of images of similar tracks, including images which are not suitable for identification. It is necessary to exclude from the analysis traces not suitable for identification for reduction of volume of calculations and increase of their efficiency.

Introduction. The model of an assessment of probability of casual combination of sets of routes in secondary traces is considered in article. Development of quantitative criteria of justification of a categorical positive conclusion about criminalistic identity of the compared traces, and also algorithm of formation in the automatic mode of the priority list is the purpose of the conducted research. Theoretical part.

Introduction. Development of the algorithms for the automatic comparison of the digital images of firing pin is an important task of the forensic examination. This task is aimed at improving the efficiency of crime investigation involving the use of firearms. In this paper images of firing pin with the features in the form of circles and arcs with single center are investigated.

Introduction. Problematic issues of providing the criminalistic requirements of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia imposed to firearms are considered in work. A sometimes weapons does not provide formation on the shot bullets and cartridge cases of the traces suitable for identification. Absence of any standards or specifications on a roughness of a relief of surfaces of the details forming traces is to it the reason.

Introduction. The existing criteria for the pairing of traces on shot bullets can not be considered satisfactory. They turn out to be too strict, or do not take into account the identifiable information about the structure of the coincident traces. Therefore, today expert makes categorical conclusion about the identity of the compared traces mainly on bases on his own experience without assessing the probability of a random realization of this event.

Introduction. One of the reasons for the variability of the firing pin traces is the gross inhomogeneity present on the surface of the capsules. The main types of not uniformity characteristic of a cap surface, and also their display in static traces are quickly investigated in this work. Experimental part. The surfaces of capsules of various cartridges of domestic and foreign production, as well as capsules “Zhevello” for hunting cartridges, were examined. The main types of inhomogeneities of the capsule surface are analyzed and classified.

Introduction. The paper analyzes the effectiveness of the application of the method of successively matching traces (CMS method) and the probabilistic method for substantiating the forensic identity of the overlapping secondary traces on fired bullets. Theoretical analysis. The theoretical foundations of the CMS method and the probabilistic method are considered. It is shown that the second method is formed on the basis of two mutually complementary probabilistic models.

Introduction. The aim of the work is to increase the effi ciency of identifi cation of fi rearms by images of fi ring pin marks in the automatic mode. The relevance of the task is determined by the low effi ciency of the known methods of automatic identifi cation of fi rearm by the fi ring pin marks with individual topological types of individualizing features. This aff ects the investigation of crimes related to the use of fi rearms. Formation of clone images.