The current spatial organization of the economy and resettlement in modern Russia is an important limiting factor of economic development. Hence the importance of the search for new variants of configuration changes of the spatial organization of economy and resettlement with the purpose of increase of efficiency of functioning of the national economy of Russia. Theoretical analysis. The analysis of the study relies on a theoretical basis, developed by Russian and foreign scientists, allowed to specify the problems of economic and social development of regions and the national economy, in General, associated with existing spatial organization of the economy and the resettlement in Russia. Results of the study. Designing spatial organization of the economy and resettlement in modern Russia should take into account existing main areas of investment and innovation in regional development. It is assumed that the most effective variants of spatial organization of the economy and resettlement in modern Russia, take into account the peculiarities of its development may be: transformation of the territorial-industrial complexes; development of regional industrial clusters; creation of economically developed areas; the creation of development corridors between growth poles. Conclusions. Formed negative factors and tendencies of development of economy of Russia related to the existing spatial organization of economy and resettlement however, theory and practice suggest the existence of different variants of solving this problem, both in individual regions and the country as a whole.