Introduction. In economics, all processes and phenomena are constantly changing and interacting. There are new connections, interdependencies, as well as new interactions. Due to the changed structure of the economy, it is important to reveal the types of economic entities’ interactions (agents of the economy). They lead to a variety of synergistic effects. Analyzing these interactions and the resulting synergetic effects is an important task of the study. This is the relevance of the research topic. Theoretical analysis. There are several aspects of the “interaction” category: as a peculiarity of the system, as a process, as a form of communication, and as an element of the systems’ movement and its components. Depending on different criteria, different types of interactions in the economic system are indicated. At the same time, various synergistic effects arise, both positive and negative. The analysis of the positive synergistic effects transformation into negative ones, and vice versa, may be of particular interest. The idea is substantiated that the increasing turbulence of the economy can turn some positive processes into negative ones. The reverse transformation is also possible. Empirical analysis. The positive and negative synergetic effects in the pre- and post-pandemic period are considered based on the analysis of the actual data of Russian economy functioning over a number of years. It is shown that they are systemic in nature. Results. It is proved that positive synergetic effects reflect the positive dynamics of the economic system development, and negative ones are associated with negative processes in this system and, as a rule, have a destructive effect on the country’s economy. Their mutual influence and interrelation is reflected. The idea is substantiated that a new law may appear – the law of the transformation of negative synergetic effects into positive effects and vice versa.