Russia.

Introduction. The interest in measuring of regional innovation capacity and impact of innovation can be attributed to external factors and as a result of active inclusion of the Russian Federation in the global economic system. When the Russian Federation integrates into the world economic system, there is the task is not only to compare the subjects of the Russian Federation on the level innovative activity among themselves but also to determine the best experience on regional level in Russia.

Introduction. The paper provides analyses the difference between income taxation system for resident and nonresident taxpayer, in particular the inequality deduction and exemption. Empirical analysis. The paper emphasizes the different qualification principles for nonresident alien-taxpayer, the treaty benefits for different countries, and the standard deduction.