Introduction. Maintaining specific type of public goods in the form of cultural heritage property appears to be not only a social and cultural, but also economic problem. This problem is associated with the growth of government spending on the protection and conservation-restoration of cultural heritage objects and the evaluation of the effectiveness of public spending. By supporting these kind of goods, the national identity of economic agents can be provided, strengthening Russia’s national security. Theoretical analysis. The author analyzes the public, merit and wards goods, based on methodology proposed by A. Ya. Rubinshtein, and views one of the public goods type’s specificity – objects of cultural heritage. On the basis of the economic and psychological methodology the role of cultural heritage property is explained in the formation of economic agents’ national identity at the micro, meso and macro levels. Empirical analysis. State institutions, which ensure the preservation of cultural heritage, are needed to be optimized in future, for the purpose of improving their efficiency. Results. The concludes that the preservation of cultural heritage objects determines the necessity of the state institutions’ effective functioning, which provides the national orientation of economic agents. The need of participation of non-governmental organizations in the conservation of cultural heritage as a specific type of public goods is being well-founded.