Izvestiya of Saratov University.

Economics. Management. Law

ISSN 1994-2540 (Print)
ISSN 2542-1956 (Online)


For citation:

Minat V. N. Government information policy and the dynamics of federal funding for the dissemination of US research and development results. Journal Izvestiya of Saratov University. Economics. Management. Law, 2021, vol. 21, iss. 1, pp. 38-47. DOI: 10.18500/1994-2540-2021-21-1-38-47

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0).
Full text PDF(Ru):
Language: 
Russian
Heading: 
Article type: 
Article
UDC: 
339.972(73)

Government information policy and the dynamics of federal funding for the dissemination of US research and development results

Autors: 
Minat Valerij Nikolaevich, Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P. A. Kostychev
Abstract: 

Introduction. The traditionally high level of government participation in scientific and technical, innovation and implementation and foreign trade activities of the United States presupposes the active nature of federal funding for activities and information policy instruments related to the dissemination of the results of American R&D both in the national economy and in the international market. The study of the dynamics and structure of the distribution of allocations for the dissemination of special scientific and technical information and documentation is an urgent socio-economic problem, reflecting the level of scientific and technological development of the United States and the innovative activity of advanced sectors of the national economy for a long period of time. The theoretical analysis was carried out in the context of organizational and administrative institutions of the federal government (specialized departments), endowed with financial powers, subordinate to the central body generating a unified US information policy strategy for the dissemination of R&D results. An empirical analysis based on US official statistics made it possible to assess the specifics of financing scientific and technical information in the field of R&D by types, categories and departments – domestically for 1965–2019, as well as to calculate changes in the balance of US foreign trade with scientific and technical information and documentation in 2001–2019. Results. The general resulting conclusion is that any innovative information on the results of R&D provides a certain monopoly for a certain period, which gives the industry that created and introduced it, the department and the country as a whole, a certain advantage in the export of a new product. Since the United States has the most powerful national financial and innovation system among all states, with a developed structure, it provides its economic residents and their counterparties with ample opportunities for conducting fundamental and applied research and development and, of course, has an advantage in the production of innovative products with high competitiveness both in the domestic and in the global market, subject to the classic price-quality ratio.

Reference: 
  1. Sudakova N. A. US R&D Budget Policy: Trends and Forecasts. SShA & Kanada: ekonomika, politika, kul'tura [USA & Canada: Economy, Politics, Culture], 2019, vol. 49, no. 10, рр. 54–77 (in Russian). DOI:  https://doi.org/10.31857/S032120680006805-9
  2. Alexandersson G. Financing the main directions of scientific and technological development of the United States in the context of the global economy. The American Economic Review, 2019, vol. 109, no. 5, рр. 1336–1378.
  3. Michel E. P., Bauer G. Federal government and the development of information policy in the United States. What are the strategic objectives of the exchange of scientific and technical information today? International Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2017, vol. 11, no. 2, рр. 789–801.
  4. Perloff H. S., Dunn A. S. Information policy of the US government in the field of R&D. Main financial and institutional instruments. The American Economic Review, 2018, vol. 108, no. 12, рр. 3622–3658.
  5. Minat V. N. Federal funding of research and development in the United States: volume, structure, promising areas. Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Economics. Management. Law, 2020, vol. 20, iss. 3, рр. 256–265 (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.18500/1994-2540-2020-20-3-256-265
  6. Minat V. N. Features of Regional Innovation Systems Function in the Northern States of the USA. Vestnik NSUEM, 2020, no. 3, рр. 198–213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34020/2073-6495-2020-3-198-213
  7. Minat V. N., Chepik A. G. Modern Features of Distribution and Usag and Placement of Scientific Staff in the United States. Vestnik NSUEM, 2020, no. 2, рр. 198–212 (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.34020/2073-6495-2020-2-198-212
  8. Minat V. N. Migration of highly qualified scientists in the USA. Nauka o cheloveke: gumanitarnye issledovaniya [Human Science: Humanities Studies], 2020, vol. 14, no. 3, рр. 182–188 (in Russian). DOI:  https://doi.org/10.17238/issn1998-5320.2020.14.3.22
  9. Minat V. N., Chepik A. G. Immigration of Scientists and Engineers to the United States Over the Past 20 Years: Main Trends Polarizations of the Migration Flow. Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University, 2020, no. 2 (436). Economic Sciences, iss. 68, рр. 162–173 (in Russian). DOI:  https://doi.org/10.24411/1994-2796-2020-10216
  10. Minat V. N., Chepik A. G. Foreign Trade Relations and Innovation in the United States. International Trade and Trade Policy, 2020, vol. 6, no. 2 (22), рр. 5–21 (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2020-2-5-21
  11. Minat V. N. Types of territorial forms of the US national innovation system and their concentration in urban agglomerations. Innovatsii [Innovation], 2020, no. 5 (259), рр. 68–80 (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.26310/2071-3010.2020.259.5.010
  12. National Science Foundation. National Science Board. Science and Engineering Indictors, 2020. Available at: https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb2020 (accessed 27 September 2020).
  13. Congressional Budget Justification Department of State. Fiscal year 2021. February 10, 2020. Available at: https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/FY-2021-CBJ-Final (accessed 29 September 2020).
  14. American science in numbers and commentary: Statistical indicators, national and regional studies, forecasts, Wash., 2020. Available at: https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/ (accessed 26 September 2020).
  15. The 2020–2021 Long-Term Budget Outlook. Congress of the United States. Congressional Budget Office. June 2019. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/wpcontent/uploads/2019/06/budget-fy2020-2021 (accessed 27 September 2020).
  16. Historical Trends in Federal R&D. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 2020. Available at: https://www.aaas.org/programs/r-d-budget-and-policy/historical-rd-data (accessed 29 September 2020).
  17. Human Development Indices and Indicators. Statistical Update Briefing note for countries on the 2020. Statistical Update. United States. Available at: http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/Country-Profiles/USA.pdf (accessed 1 October 2020).
  18. International Trade Statistics Yearbook 2020. Available at: https://www.un-ilibrary.org/international-trade-andfinance/international... (accessed 1 October 2020).
  19. Research and Development: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons. Available at: https://www.statistics/report/sections/research-and-development-u-s-tren... (accessed 4 October 2020).
  20. Statistical Abstract of the United States, Wash.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2020. Available at: https://books.google.ru/books?id=YkXjuVR9iN8C&hl=ru (accessed 3 October 2020).
  21. World indicators of scientific research and engineering development: 2020. Available at: https://www.battelle.org/aboutus/rd/2020.pdf (accessed 4 October 2020).
Received: 
14.10.2020
Accepted: 
13.11.2020