Introduction. Addressing the issues of economic development is driving growth and welfare of countries. Economic development of a country depends on the competitive advantages of the industrial complex and primarily commodity sector of the economy. Theoretical analysis. In the article the theory of imitation and innovation in the framework of endogenous theory economic development to study the dynamics of innovative development of countries with developing and transitional economies. The analysis of the innovative growth of economy in the conditions of increase of volumes of extraction of natural resources, conducted in the framework of the Solow model. Based on the study of foreign and domestic models of economic growth developed an approach that includes a simulation phase, which is the borrowing of advanced technology, and innovation, which dramatically increases the role of private research and development. Discussion of results. The article examines the factors hindering the growth of technological backwardness trap under- and overinvestment. Developed a model that describes the economy consisting of two sectors: the manufacturing sector and the sector of extraction of exhaustible resource. It is proved that in the context of a multisector approach and the endogenous dynamics of technical progress, the nature of the relationship between sectors is complicated. Thus in this work the study of this dynamics is performed using the methods of numerical simulation and mathematical description of the production function of the studied sectors.